The effect of self-management program based on 5A model on self-care and quality of life in hypertensive elderly patients

Background & Aim: The use of patient-centered self-management programs may be effective in creating desirable behaviors and improving the lifestyle of the elderly. Therefore, this study was performed to determine the effect of self-management program based on Model 5A on self-care and quality of life in elderly patients with hypertension.  Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial study was conducted in 1400 with the participation of 60 elderly patients with hypertension who referred to the cardiac clinic of Mashhad Army Hospital. The elderly were selected based on inclusion criteria and then randomly assigned to intervention and control groups (30 people in each group). In the intervention group, a self-management program based on the 5A model was implemented in 5 stages of Assess, Advice, agree, Assist and Arrange over a periodof two months on the elderly with their caregivers. In the control group, routine care was performed. Data were collected using demographic information form and standard questionnaires of self-care behaviors and quality of life SF-36. Data analysis was done using descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of SPSS version 16 software. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age of the elderly was 66.2±3.3. The mean and standard deviation of the total self-care score of the elderly after the intervention was 60.8±3.7 in the experimental group and 58.7±5.4 in the control group, which the mean deference between the two groups before and after the intervention was statistically significant (P = 0.01). Also, the mean and standard deviation of the total quality of life score of the elderly after the intervention was 90.9±5.4 in the experimental group and 75.6±4.2 in the control group, which was statistically significant (P<0.001). There was a significant difference between the mean scores of all dimensions of quality of life except general health in the experimental and control groups (P <0.001). Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that the implementation of selfmanagement program based on 5A model is effective on self-care and quality of life of the elderly with hypertension. It seems that using 5A Model in the health system as an effective intervention can be effective in improving the health status of the elderly.